Social Security is part of the retirement plan of almost every American worker. If you are among the 96 percent of workers who are covered under Social Security, you should know how the system works and what you should receive from Social Security when you retire.
The “full retirement age” is 65 for people who were born before 1938. But because of longer life expectancies, the Social Security law was changed to gradually increase the full retirement age until it reaches age 67. This change affects people born in 1938 and later. The following table provides you with your full retirement age.
| Age to receive full Social Security benefits
|
| Year of birth
|
Full retirement age
|
| 1937 or earlier
|
65
|
| 1938
|
65 and 2 months
|
| 1939
|
65 and 4 months
|
| 1940
|
65 and 6 months
|
| 1941
|
65 and 8 months
|
| 1942
|
65 and 10 months
|
| 1943-1954
|
66
|
| 1955
|
66 and 2 months
|
| 1956
|
66 and 4 months
|
| 1957
|
66 and 6 months
|
| 1958
|
66 and 8 months
|
| 1959
|
66 and 10 months
|
| 1960 and later
|
67
|
| NOTE: People who were born on January 1 of any year should refer to the previous year.
|
Early retirement.
You can get Social Security retirement benefits as early as age 62, but if you retire before your full retirement age, your benefits will be permanently reduced, based on your age. For example, if you retire at age 62, your benefit would be about 25 percent lower than what it would be if you waited until you reach full retirement age.
Sometimes health problems force people to retire early. If you cannot work because of health problems, you should consider applying for Social Security disability benefits. The amount of the disability benefit is the same as a full, unreduced retirement benefit. If you are receiving Social Security disability benefits when you reach full retirement age, those benefits will be converted to retirement benefits.
Delayed retirement.
You may choose to keep working even beyond your full retirement age. If you do, you can increase your future Social Security benefits in two ways. Each additional year you work adds another year of earnings to your Social Security record. Higher lifetime earnings may mean higher benefits when you retire.
Also, your benefit will increase automatically by a certain percentage from the time you reach your full retirement age until you start receiving your benefits or until you reach age 70. The percentage varies depending on your year of birth. For example, if you were born in 1943 or later, Social Security will add 8 percent per year to your benefit for each year that you delay signing up for Social Security beyond your full retirement age.
NOTE: If you decide to delay your retirement, be sure to sign up for Medicare at age 65. In some circumstances, medical insurance costs more if you delay applying for it.
Visit the Government website at
www.ssa.gov for more information about Social Security and retirement.